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· Hatami, H., et al. (2008). Comprehensive book of public health (Vol. 3, 2nd ed.). Arjmand Publications. [In Persian]
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· Khosravi, K. (1963). Suicide in Iran. Issues of Iran (Masael-e Iran), (11), 547–615. [In Persian]
· Municipality of Tehran. (1931). Second statistical yearbook of Tehran (1304-1308 SH). Bureau of Statistics and Publications. [In Persian]
· Hakim-Elahi, H. (1948). Shahr-e No: Come with me to Shahr-e No (Vol. 1, 5th ed.). N.P. [In Persian]
· Durkheim, É. (1999). Suicide (N. Salarzadeh Amiri, Trans.). Allameh Tabataba'i University Press. (Original work published 1897). [In Persian]
· Rubington, E., & Weinberg, M. S. (2011). Seven theoretical perspectives on social problems (R. Sedigh Sarvestani, Trans., 5th ed.). University of Tehran Press. [In Persian]
· Riazi, S. A., & Najafian, B. (2015). A comparative study of socio-cultural and psychological factors affecting suicide among women in Iran and Tajikistan. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 8(4), 143–167. [In Persian]
· Sotoudeh, H. (2021). Social pathology (Sociology of deviance) (1st ed.). Avay-e Noor Publications. [In Persian]
· Statistical Centre of Iran. (1967–1978). Statistical yearbooks of Iran (1346, 1348, 1351, 1357 SH). Chapters 11 & 28. [In Persian]
· Plan and Budget Organization. (1973). Statistical yearbook of Iran (1351 SH) (Serial No. 342). Statistical Centre of Iran. [In Persian]
· Sharifi Saee, M. H. (2021). Gender differences, suicide, and uxoricide in the Qajar era. Journal of Social Work Research, 8(29), 101–152. [In Persian]
· Shahri, J. (1990). Social history of Tehran in the 13th century: Life and business (Vol. 6, 2nd ed.). Rasa Cultural Services Institute. [In Persian]
· Sheikh-Rezaee, E., & Azari, S. (1998). Reconstructed documents of police reports from Tehran neighborhoods: Report of various events in the Capital (1303-1305 SH) (2 Vols., 1st ed.). National Archives of Iran. [In Persian]
· Tabib, F. (2015). The Safavid dynasty and the prevalence of social and moral corruption. History Research (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad), (65), 124–195. [In Persian]
· Fasihi, S., & Farzi, F. (2015). The opium problem in Reza Shah’s society: Addiction, its social consequences, and government countermeasures. Journal of History of Islam and Iran, 25(25), 137–170. [In Persian]
· Ghaemi, A. (1987). Social pathologies: Origins, prevention, and treatment (2nd ed.). Amiri Publications. [In Persian]
· Kuhi-Kermani, H. (1945). The history of opium and opium addicts in Iran (1st ed.). Nasim-e Saba & Elmi Bookstore. [In Persian]
· Meysami, A. (1964). Suicide in Iran [Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tehran]. [In Persian]
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· Ghiabi, M. (2019). Drugs politics: Managing disorder in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Cambridge University Press.
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Archival Sources and Newspapers:
· Archives: National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI / SAKMA).
· Digital Collections: Women's Worlds in Qajar Iran (WWQI).
Newspapers:
· Kayhan: 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965.
· Ettela'at: 1963, 1976, 1977.
· Ayandeh-ye Iran: 1932.
· Ayandegan: 1971.
· Aftab-e Shargh: 1971.
· Baladiyeh-ye Tehran: 1930, 1931.