The Role of the Pahlavi Government in the Development of Infrastructure and the Expansion of Exports and Imports at Bandar Shahpur (1925–1979): With an Emphasis on Archival Documents

Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
October 2026
Pages 30-60

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

Abstract
Bandar Shahpur (present-day Bandar Imam Khomeini) became one of Iran’s most important maritime trade and export hubs during the Pahlavi era due to its strategic location in the northwestern Persian Gulf and its connection to the Trans-Iranian Railway. Despite the port’s significance, the role of Pahlavi government policies in developing its infrastructure and their impact on export growth has not yet been examined independently and systematically on the basis of archival evidence. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the role of the Pahlavi government in the development of Bandar Shahpur’s infrastructure and to assess its contribution to the expansion of exports between 1925 and 1979. This research adopts a historical, descriptive–analytical approach. The data are drawn from archival documents, customs reports, export statistics, reports of the Ports and Shipping Organization, Pahlavi-era newspapers, and other library sources, all of which have been systematically analyzed. The findings indicate that government investment in the construction and expansion of wharves, warehouses, railway terminals, port facilities, and related industries, together with the utilization of the natural advantages of Khor Musa, significantly enhanced the port’s operational capacity, expanded exports, and strengthened its position in Iran’s foreign trade. The archival evidence further demonstrates that the development of Bandar Shahpur was not merely the result of its favorable geographical location, but rather the outcome of the integration of the government's development policies with targeted investment in maritime transport infrastructure. Consequently, this study provides a document-based assessment of the Pahlavi government's role in the development of Bandar Shahpur and highlights its significance in the evolution of Iran’s economy and foreign trade.

Keywords

Subjects
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• Documents
• National Archives Organization of Iran (SAKMA)
• SAKMA, Document ID 240-4002
• SAKMA, No. 220-13226 Supervision fees for the development of Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 240-48691; Customs clearance
• SAKMA, No. 220-4589; Project regarding the development of Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 310-512; Construction of a warehouse and dispatch of personnel to Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-1982; Civil engineering operations at Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-15429; Occupation of Bandar Shahpur Port customs by the British
• SAKMA, No. 220-4748; Plan and Budget Organization: Required funds for the National Petrochemical Company
• SAKMA, No. 370-8556; Water supply expansion project for Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-4583; Construction of streets, water conduits, and power lines in Sar-Bandar, Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-1442; Operations related to the cathodic protection of Bandar Shahpur Port piers
• SAKMA, No. 310-522; Necessary measures to rectify deficiencies at Bandar Shahpur Port customs
• SAKMA, No. 220-3178; Contract for the construction of the Bandar Shahpur Port transit warehouse
• SAKMA, No. 220-4861; Detailed project for the procurement and purchase of railway equipment for Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-10972; Water supply project for Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 220-1784; Railway Agency (1940/1319) – Bandar Shahpur Port
• SAKMA, No. 240-16496; Report on Reza Shah’s visit to Khorramshahr, Ahvaz, and Bandar Shahpur
• SAKMA, No. 2221-240; Collection of tolls/fees at Bandar Shahpur
• SAKMA, No. 20829-240; Export of cotton from Bandar Shahpur to Italy
• SAKMA, No. 828-330; Records of warehousing costs for the Andimeshk and Bandar Shahpur railways
• SAKMA, No. 57091-230; Fishing operations at Bandar Shahpur
• SAKMA, No. 2184-320; Expansion of the Bandar Shahpur pier and work permits for foreign nationals at the port
• SAKMA, No. 4294-220; Petrochemical project in Abadan and Bandar Shahpur with Japanese support
• SAKMA, No. 3760-220; Reconstruction of the Bandar Shahpur building and pier
• SAKMA, No. 3390-220; Western pier expansion operations
• SAKMA, No. 843-330; Request for increased budget for the Bandar Shahpur naval force
• SAKMA, No. 1913-220; Establishment of the Bandar Shahpur clinic and hiring of a Danish physician
• SAKMA, No. 4862-220; Contract between the Ministry of Roads and a Danish firm (Copenhagen) regarding Bandar Shahpur
• SAKMA, No. 11585-220; Report on the economic and technical status and other operational factors at Bandar Shahpur
• SAKMA, No. 15492-240; Costs of transporting goods from Bandar Shahpur to Ahvaz
• SAKMA, No. 98429-240; Unloading a shipment of matches from the USA at Bandar Shahpour
• SAKMA, No. 48691-240; Customs clearance at Bandar Shahpour
• SAKMA, No. 5477-220; Bandar Shahpour Petrochemical Complex
SAKMA, No. 3152-240; Ship pilots at Bandar Shahpour 
  • Receive Date 28 May 2026
  • Revise Date 23 July 2026
  • Accept Date 09 September 2026